Список основных неправильных глаголов

Все английские глаголы делятся на две основные категории: правильные и неправильные. Правильные глаголы (их в языке более 98%) образуют прошедшую форму и форму страдательного причастия по стандартному правилу, а неправильные глаголы этому правилу на подчиняются. Основные формы неправильных глаголов следует просто запомнить (см. упражнения ниже).

У правильных и неправильных глаголов существуют 4 основные формы:

1-я форма (неопределённая или инфинитив / infinitive ) - характеризуется отсутствием окончаний и часто наличием приставки "to" перед глаголом.

2-я форма (прошедшего времени / past indefinite ) - правильные глаголы образуют форму прошедшего времени путём прибавления окончания "-ed", "-d" к основе глагола, а неправильные глаголы - индивидуальными, различными способами.

3-я форма (страдательное причастие или причастие II / past participle ) - правильные глаголы образуют 3-ю форму путём прибавления окончания "-ed", "-d" к основе глагола, а неправильные глаголы образуют 3-ю форму опять же индивидуальными, различными способами.

4-я форма (действительное причастие или причастие I / present participle ) - образуется путём прибавления окончания "-ing" к основе как правильных, так и неправильных глаголов.

Рассмотрим образование четырех форм на примере правильных глаголов "work" (работать), "live" (жить) и неправильных глаголов "go" (идти), "cut" (резать). (Перевод форм на русский язык является условным).

1-я форма (неопределённая)

to work - работать

to live - жить

to go - идти

to cut - резать

2-я форма (прошедшее время)

Oxford Owl - Find a book

There are so many wonderful books, but how do you know which ones to choose? Browse through our library of 250 FREE eBooks to find an engaging book for your child. All our eBooks are tablet friendly, simply register and enjoy a world of reading and fun activities. Whether you’re looking for a book to share with your youngest child or something to keep your ten year old motivated, we’re here to help.

If you’re not sure which books to start with, take a look at the different series below.

From picture books such as the anarchic ‘Tolkien for toddlers’ that is Super Happy Magic Forest. to Railhead the latest book from Philip Reeve, author of the Mortal Engines quartet, we’ve got book suggestions to suit all ages and interests this Christmas.

Take a look now and see online previews of gorgeous picture books and read exclusive first chapters of our books for older readers.

The UK’s favourite home reading series.

Read with Biff, Chip and Kipper has been created by educational experts to help you support your child’s development as a reader and complement what they are doing at school. Starring Biff, Chip, Kipper and Floppy the dog from Oxford Reading Tree (the series used in 80% of primary schools), there are now two reading strands that work together:

1. Phonics books provide valuable practice for your child, especially as they prepare for the new reading test for six year olds being introduced by the Government.
2. First Stories help your child to practise reading everyday words and develop their vocabulary.

• Exciting stories – enjoyment is key to reading and so each story has been written to support your child’s reading at home, with big helpings of fun and magic!
• Carefully graded – there are six levels in the series with gradual progression and word repetition throughout, to help your child build reading confidence.
• Hints and tips – every book provides practical tips and simple ideas for you to use with your child when reading and talking about the story.
• Puzzles and activities – each book encourages your child to have fun looking for details in the story and offers lots of opportunities to talk and practise their reading skills.

*Formerly known as Read At Home .

The proven phonics method to get your child reading and writing fast!

Ruth Miskin, a former head teacher and now a leading expert in children’s literacy, has developed Read Write Inc. Phonics At Home. Her programme, Read Write Inc. is also used in thousands of UK primary schools.

Why is Read Write Inc. Phonics so effective?

• It teaches your child the sounds that make up words, quickly and systematically, to get them reading fast.
• It has Storybooks containing words made up of the sounds your child has learnt, so they can read every word.
• It develops your child’s writing and spelling skills too, through activities linked to the Storybooks.

The brilliant and much-loved author of The Gruffalo. Julia Donaldson has created these stories to support children at home and at school as they learn to read. These engaging stories also provide children with lots of phonics practice.

How to Find Readers For Your Blog

I’ve surveyed readers many times and this is the question that everyone asks for information on. As a result it’s been a major theme of my blogging here at ProBlogger with hundreds of posts written on the topic.

Here are some of the ‘classic’ posts on the topic of how to build your blog’s readership from the archives:

• Converting One Off Visitors to Your Blog into Regular Readers – How to make your blog Sticky to visitors who wouldn’t normally stay around
• How to Surf Blog Traffic Tsunamis – what to do when a wave of traffic comes your blog’s way
• How to Increase a Blog’s Page Views – getting readers to explore more page on your blog can be tough – here’s some strategies on how to do it
• How to Get Eyeballs on Your Archives – drive people deep within your blog
• 34 Reasons Why Readers Unsubscribe from Your Blog – the results of a reader survey

How to be a better reader

Reading is an extremely important skill. It is by reading that you learn much of what you need to know for your different school subjects. Reading is also an excellent way to improve your general English. You can only learn from reading, however, if what you read is not too difficult. For this reason, it is important to know what makes texts difficult and how you can improve your chances of understanding them.

Most of your reading difficulties will be caused by a problem on the list below. Of course, when two or more of these problems happen together, your chances of understanding will be even smaller.

the text has many unknown words the text has long, complicated sentences the text is about a topic you know nothing about the text is about a topic you find boring the text has small print, long paragraphs, no pictures the text has been badly written you are feeling tired you are distracted you don't know the important cohesion markers you don't know why you have been asked to read the text

You can do nothing about some of the reading difficulties: for example, you can’t change the print in a book or make poor writing better. But there are many things you can do that will give you a better chance of understanding what you read. Here are some suggestions:

1. Know your reading purpose - The way you read a book or a text depends very much on your reasons for reading it. This is why it is so important to know your reading purpose. You should read a question in your math exam differently from an entry in an encyclopaedia which you are looking at quickly to find out the date of an event. The kind of reading you do in class or for your homework is different from how you read a novel for pleasure in the summer vacation.

If you know your reading purpose - perhaps by looking first at the questions you must answer after reading - you can choose the best reading method.

If your teacher gives you something to read and doesn't tell you what you need to find out from the text or what you will do after the reading, ask her (or him)!

Skimming - this is reading a text quickly to find out what information it contains. You should skim when, for example, you want to check if a text has the information you need to answer some questions or write a project. It is often enough to look at the first (and last) sentences in each paragraph.

Scanning - this is reading quickly to find a specific piece of information. You should scan when, for example, you are looking for the answer to a question which you know is in the text.

In general, students should be trying to increase their reading speed. (Click to do some speed reading practice .)

3. Get background information - Find something out about the topic you have to read. The more background information you have, the easier it will be to understand the text. You can get this background information background in your own language. For example, if you are studying the Italian Renaissance, you could read an encyclopaedia or textbook in your own language to find out the most important details about this historical period. Your parents may also be able to give you useful background information. Talk to them in your language.

You can sometimes get background information from the text itself. Many writers include a conclusion or summary; if you read this first, it may give you a good start.

4. Use all the information in the book - Good textbooks are well-organised, with titles, sub-titles, introductions, summaries or conclusions. Many books also have pictures with captions. Look at all these first before starting to read.

Another aspect of good writing is that each paragraph has a topic sentence. A topic sentence is a sentence, usually the first one in a paragraph, that contains the main idea of the paragraph. If you concentrate on understanding the topic sentence, this may help you to understand what comes next.

5. Increase your vocabulary - Of course, reading itself is an excellent way to improve your vocabulary, but there are many other things you can do. (More advice on learning vocabulary .) The better your vocabulary, the easier you will find your reading.

6. Use your dictionary sensibly - A common mistake of ESL students is to look up each unknown word in the texts they are given to read. Occasionally this is necessary - for example, when reading examination questions. But it takes a long time and can be very boring. It can even make understanding more difficult because by the time you reach the end of the paragraph you have forgotten what you read at the beginning! (Advice on how and when to use your dictionary .)

7. Learn the important words that organise text - When you read texts in your science or history books, you will find that most good writers organise their writing with cohesion markers (also called transition words ). These are words that connect different parts of the writing and help writers structure their thoughts. If you learn the important cohesion markers, you will find it easier to understand the text.

Here are some important cohesion markers: also , therefore. except. unless. however. instead. (al)though. furthermore. moreover. nevertheless. on the other hand. as a result. despite. in conclusion .

8. Choose the right place to read - You can’t really expect to understand a difficult book if you are trying to read in the same room with the television on and your little brother distracting you. The same goes for reading in the bus on the way to school. You also can’t expect to read a textbook and listen to music at the same time. Try to find a quiet and comfortable place with good light, and your dictionaries and other materials nearby.

9. Choose the right time to read - If you have a difficult text to read for homework, it’s probably best to do this first. If you leave it until last when you are tired, you will find it even more difficult.

Important. If you have tried the advice above and you still cannot understand a text, then it is simply too hard for you. Stop reading and ask someone to help you (your ESL teacher, for example!). Nobody likes to give up, but you will just be wasting your time if you continue to work at a text that is beyond you.

Most of the time you have to read what your teachers tell you to read. But as you know, reading is an excellent way to improve your English, and so you should try to do some extra reading each week. Here is some advice on how to choose what to read:

Try not to read something too difficult - There should be no more than about 6-10 new words per page; reading for pleasure should not be hard work!

Reading easy books is good for you -You will improve your reading skills even if you read simple books, as long as you read lots of them. (But you may find you don't really enjoy stories written in English that has been over-simplified.)

Try to read some non-fiction - Reading non-fiction books or magazines will help you learn some of the words you need to do well in your subject classes. There are millions of pages of non-fiction on the world wide web!

Choose something that is interesting to you - This is clear. In fact, if you are really interested in a topic, you will probably be able to understand texts that would normally be too difficult for you.

Surf the internet - You can learn a lot of English just by surfing around on the websites that interest you. This is particularly true if the webpages contain pictures that help you understand the writing.

Find reader

Find character in string

Searches the string for the first character that matches any of the characters specified in its arguments.

When pos is specified, the search only includes characters at or after position pos. ignoring any possible occurrences before pos .

Notice that it is enough for one single character of the sequence to match (not all of them). See string::find for a function that matches entire sequences.

str Another string with the characters to search for. pos Position of the first character in the string to be considered in the search.

If this is greater than the string length. the function never finds matches.

Note: The first character is denoted by a value of 0 (not 1 ): A value of 0 means that the entire string is searched.

s Pointer to an array of characters.

If argument n is specified (3). the first n characters in the array are searched for.

Otherwise (2). a null-terminated sequence is expected: the length of the sequence with the characters to match is determined by the first occurrence of a null character.

n Number of character values to search for. c Individual character to be searched for.

size_t is an unsigned integral type (the same as member type string::size_type ).

The position of the first character that matches.